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Relative clauses – Придаточные предложения с и без who/that/which

A

Посмотрите на примеры из урока 92:

• The woman who lives adjacent door is a doc. (or The woman that lives ...)

The woman lives adjacent door.

who (= the woman) – подлежащее (subject).

• Where is the cheese that was in the refrigerator? (or the cheese which was ...)

The cheese was in the refrigerator.

that (= the cheese) – подлежащее.

Вы должны использовать who/that/which, когда одно из них выступает подлежащим в придаточном предложении. Т.е. вы не можете сказать 'The woman lives next door is a doc' или 'Where is the cheese was in the fridge?'.

B

Иногда who/that/which – дополнение (object) глагола. Например:

• The woman who I wanted to see was away on vacation.
  Женщина, которую я хотел увидеть, уехала в отпуск.

I wanted to come across the woman.

who (= the woman) – дополнение.
I – подлежащее.

• Have you found the keys that you lost?
  Ты нашел ключи, которые ты потерял?

You lost the keys.

that (= the keys) – дополнение.
you – подлежащее.

Когда who/that/which – дополнение, его можно опустить. Т.е. вы можете сказать:

• The woman I wanted to see was abroad.или The woman who I wanted to see ...
• Have you constitute the keys you lost?или ... the keys that you lost?
• The dress Liz bought doesn't fit her very well.или The dress that Liz bought ...
• Is in that location anything I can do?или ... anything that I can do?
  Я могу чем-нибудь помочь? (досл.: есть что-нибудь, что я могу сделать?)

C

Обратите внимание на расположение предлогов (in/to/for и др.) в придаточных предложениях:

Tom is talking to a woman – do you lot know her?
→ Exercise you know the woman (who/that) Tom is talking to ?

I slept in a bed terminal night – it wasn't very comfortable.
→ The bed (that/which) I slept in last night wasn't very comfy.

• Are these the books you were looking for?или ... the books that/which you were ...
• The woman he savage in love with left him subsequently a month.или The woman who/that he ...
• The human I was sitting next to on the aeroplane talked all the time.или The human being who/that I was sitting next to ...

D

Вы не можете использовать what в подобных предложениях (см. также урок 92C):

• Everything (that) they said was true. (not Everything what they said)
• I gave her all the money (that) I had. (not all the money what I had)

What = 'the thing(south) that':

• Did you hear what they said? (= the things that they said)
  Ты слышал (то,) что они сказали?

Упражнения

1. В некоторых из этих предложений необходимо who или that. Исправьте предложения там, где необходимо.

The woman lives next door is a dr..

Have you found the keys yous lost?

The people nosotros met last dark were very overnice.

The people work in the function are very nice.

The people I work with are very nice.

What accept yous done with the coin I gave you lot?

What happened to the coin was on the table?

What's the worst motion picture yous've ever seen?

What'southward the best thing it has e'er happened to you?

2. Что бы вы сказали в этих ситуациях? Закончите каждое предложение его придаточной частью (relative clause).

1. Your friend lost some keys. Yous want to know if he has plant them. You say:
   Take you lot found ?
2. A friend is wearing a wearing apparel. You lot like it. Yous tell her:
   I like the wearing apparel .
3. A friend is going to see a film. You want to know the name of the picture. You say:
   What'due south the proper noun of the film ?
4. You lot wanted to visit a museum. It was shut when you lot got there. You lot tell a friend:
   The museum was shut when we got there.
5. You lot invited some people to your party. Some of them couldn't come. Y'all tell someone:
   Some of the people couldn't come.
6. Your friend had to do some piece of work. You want to know if she has finished. You say:
   Have you finished the work ?
7. You hired a car. Information technology broke down afterwards a few miles. You tell a friend:
   The car broke down after a few miles.
8. You stayed at a hotel. Tom had recommended it to you. You lot tell a friend:
   We stayed at a hotel .

3. Закончите каждое предложение, используя придаточное предложение с предлогом. Выберите из рамочки.

nosotros went to a party last night
we were invited to a wedding ceremony
you lot told me about a hotel

you were looking for some books

yous tin rely on Gary
I applied for a job
I saw you lot with a man
I work with some people

1. Are these the books ?
2. Unfortunately we couldn't become to the wedding ceremony .
3. I savour my task. I like the people .
4. What'southward the name of that hotel ?
5. The party wasn't very enjoyable.
6. I didn't become the job .
7. Gary is a good person to know. He'due south somebody .
8. Who was that man in the restaurant?

4. Выберите that или what там, где необходимо. Если предложение уже закончено, оставьте поле пустым.

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Source: https://lingust.ru/english/grammar/lesson93

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